Abrading tool



Nov. 7, 1933.

3 Figlfi W. A. REED ABRADING TOOL Filed Nov. 15, 1929 Patented Nov. 7,1933 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE ABRADING TOOL Application November 15,1929 Serial No. 407,339

8 Claims.

This invention relates to abrading tools and .is herein disclosed asembodied in a wheel adapt- .ed for scouring lasts for shoes.

In the manufacture of lasts, the block of wood from which the last is tobe formed is firstturned to the desiredshape in a lathe, and in order toobliterate all trace of the tool marks resulting from the turningoperation and to impart a smooth finish to the last, the last is thensub- 10 jected to the action of a scouring wheel. An

abrasive of fine grit is employed upon the lastscouring wheel, and thelast is pressed against the abrading surface of the wheel withconsiderable pressure. As the abrasive material becomes 5' somewhatdulled in use, the heavy pressure of the last against it results in aburnishing or a polishing eflect. In order to withstand the strain ofthe heavy pressure with which lasts are pressed against the scouringwheels in order to go obtain this burnishing effect, cloth is ordinarilyto wrinkle so that under the pressure of the work creases are formedwhich cut through and destroy the cover before the abrasive material ofthe cover has been fully utilized, thereby shortening the period ofusefulness of the abrasive cover.

An object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentionedtendency to slackness in the abrasive covers employed upon scouringtools. I accomplish this by forming the tool in 40 two parts, namely, aninnerbody member adapted to be driven and an outer body memberrotatively mounted upon the inner body member and constructed andarranged to carry an abrasive cover, which abrasive cover has its endssecured to the inner and outer body members, re-

spectively, so that the drive of the inner member will be transmittedthrough the abrasive cover to the outer member. By reason of thisarrangement there wfll be developed in the abrasive cover a tensionwhich is effective in taking up slackness and in maintaining theabrasive cover taut and free'from wrinkles. In accordance with a featureof the invention, one of the two body members of the tool carries ameans for temporarily locking together the body members to facilitate(Cl.v 51194) removal and replacement of the abrasive cover, In theillustrated tool the inner body member has a circular guidewayconcentric with the axis of the tool and slotted to receive an end ofthe abrasive cover, and the outer body member is annular in form with acircular slideengaging the guideway.

A further feature of the invention consists in the provision of a novelarrangement for clamping the abrasive cover. In the illustrated scouringtool, a clamping member is operated bya plunger, which in turn isreciprocated by the rotation of a cam which constitutes the bottom of acircumferential groove formed in a shaft journaled in a body member ofthe tool.

The invention further consists in various features of construction andcombinations and arrangements or" parts herein shown and claimed, theadvantages of which will be apparent to those skilled in the art fromthe foregoing description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawing, in which Fig. l is a side view of a scouring wheel embodyingthe invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged side view of the mecha- 30 nism for clamping theabrasive strip which surrounds the periphery of the wheel shown in Fig.1

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional View taken on the line III-III of Fi l andlooking in the direction of the arrows; and

Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevational view showing in detail themeansior securing one end of the abrasive strip shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The body of the illustrated scouring wheel consists of two memberspreferably both of metal and arran ed concentrically, the outer memberbeing relatively movable with respect to the inner member about the axisof the wheel. The V inner member has a hub 19 which is adapted to bemounted upon a rotary shaft and to be secured thereto by any convenientmeans, such as a clamping nut (not shown) which is threaded on the shaftand which clamps the hub 10 against a collar on the shaft. Integral withthe hub 10 is a radial web 14 having at its outer portion a flange 16which is concentric with the hub 10. The flange 16 at one side has anannular recess 18. Upon the opposite side of the flange 16 is secured byscrews ,20 an annular gib 22 which, together with the flange 16, forms arecess 24 similar but in opposite relation'to the recess 18. Therecesses 18 and 24 together with the peripheral portion of the flange 16between these recesses constitute an annular guideway for: an annularslide 26 which is a portion of the abovementioned outer member of thesecuring wheel. Integral with the slide 26 is a radial web 28 whichcarries a peripheral circular flange 30. As shown in Fig. 3, the flange30 may be formed with a sur face which in cross-section has a convexcurvature. The outer surface of the flange 30 is covered with a cushionof felt or like material 32, and upon the outer surface of the cushion32 is mounted a cover 34 comprising a strip of abrasive-coveredmaterial, preferably fabric. An ad vantage of the above-describedconstruction resides in the compactness resulting from the fact that theouter member of the wheel, which carries the abrasive cover, is mountedupon the inner or driven member at a position wholly within the width ofthe periphery of the outer memher. In other words, no space in adirection axial to the wheel is taken up in mounting the outer memberupon the inner member.

In order to provide for securingthe abrasive cover 34 in position uponthe periphery of the flange 30, the outer member of the scouring wheelis formed with a radial slot 36 which interrupts the continuity of theflange 36, the web 28 and the slide 26. A radial slot 38 is also formedin the inner member of the scouring wheel, interrupting the continuityof the flange 18 and extending inwardly into the web 14 but terminatinga considerable distance from the hub 10. For securing one end of theabrasive cover 34 to the outer member of the scouring wheel, a pair ofpins 39 (Fig. 4) are mounted in one of the radial walls of the slot 86and extend toward the opposite wall for a short distance. A clampingmember 40 comprising a spring plate of sheetmetal bent to formsubstantially a right angle is secured upon the inner periphery of theslot 26 by screws 41 at a point adjacent to the slot 36, the unattachedportion of the clamping member 40 being positioned within the slot 36and tending, by virtue of its own resilience, to clamp the end of theabrasive cover 34 against that face of the slot 36 from which the pins39 extend, holes being provided in the clamping member 40 to accommodatethe pins 39. The abrasive cover 34 is thus not only clamped by theclamping member 40 but is held positively against slipping by the pins39. To provide for opening the free end of the clamping member 40 topermit an end of the abrasive cover 34 to be inserted over the pins 39,the outer member is bored to receive a plunger 42. A shaft 44 parallelto the hub 10 extends through the outer member and has formed in it acircumferential groove, the bottom of which groove is shaped toconstitute a cam in the form of an eccentric 46 which is adapted to bearagainst an end of the plunger 42 and upon rotation of the shaft 44 tourge the plunger 42 outwardly to open the spring clamp 40. Rotation ofthe shaft 44 is accomplished by a short crank 48. The outer member ofthe securing wheel is provided with an opening 50 to permit insertion ofthe plunger 42 before the shaft 44 is inserted, after which theengagement of the end of the plunger 42 with the walls of theabovementioned circumferential groove in the shaft 44 serves to hold theshaft 44 from longitudinal movement. The opposite end of the abrasivecover 34 is secured to the inner member of the scouring wheel by meansof a spring clamp 52 which is composed of resilient sheet-metal andwhich is secured to one wall of the slot 38 by screws 54. Theabove-mentioned wall of the slot 38 has a transverse groove 56, thespring clamp 52 being formed to enter the groove 56 and thereby to exerta considerably greater frictional grip upon the end of the abrasivestrip 34 than would be the case if the strip 34 were to be clampedbetween a pair of fiat surfaces. The clamp plate 52, by virtue of itsown resilience, tends to spring outwardly to unclamping position. It isurged toward clamping position'and maintained there by means of aplunger 58 which reciprocates in a bore formed in a boss 60 upon the web14. A shaft 62 similar to the abovedescribed shaft 44 is journaled inthe boss 60, the central portion of the shaft 62 being groovedoircumferentially, the bottom of the groove being shaped to constitute acam in the form of an eccentric 64 which is adapted to bear against anend of the plunger 58. The shaft 62 is provided with a short crank 66whereby rotation of the eccentric 64 may be effected to urge the plunger58 to clamping position. An opening 68 is provided in the web 14 topermit insertion of the plunger 58 in assembling.

In order to maintain the slots 36 and 38 sub stantially in alinementpreparatory to the se curing of th abrasive cover 34, a plunger 70extending parallel to the axis of the hub 10 is accommodated forreciprocatory movement within a bore formed in a boss 72 upon the web28. A spring 74 compressed between the base of the bore formed in theboss 72 and one end of the plunger '16 tends to urge the plunger '70out- (105 wardly. The flange 16 carries an arcuate extension 16 whichadjacent to one end thereof is bored to receive the outer end of theplunger '70, which thus locks the two members of the wheel together. Forunlocking the two members, a Q10 plunger 78 is carried in the boreadjacent to one end of the extension 76, and on the outer end of theplunger 78 is a button 80 whereby, when the plunger 78 is brought intoalinement with the plunger 70, pressure upon the button 80 serves to 115push the plunger 70 out of the bore formed in the extension 76, therebypermitting relative rotation between the inner and outer members of thescouring wheel. The inner face of the arcuate extension 76 serves tomaintain the plunger 70 {129 depressed during relative rotarydisplacement be tween the inner and outer members of the wheel.

As shown in Fig. 3, the plunger 76 has a neck 82 of reduced diameter,the extension 76 being counterbored to accommodate the neck 82 and (13.3thereby preventing the plunger 76 from being forced out by the spring'74. A balance weight 77 is employed to counteract the centrifugaleffect of the extension 76 and thereby to assure smooth running of thewheel at high speeds.

- In order to provide initial tension for the abrading strip 34, aspring 84 is provided. One end of the spring 84 is hooked into theopening 50 of the outer member of the wheel while the opposite end ishooked to an abutment 86 upon the flange 135 16 of the inner member. Thespring 84, which in the illustrated scouring wheel is a helical tensionspring, extends circumferentially over an arc of 90 or more, and itstension tends to rotate the outer member in a clockwise direction, as1'49 viewed in Fig. l, with respect to the inner member and thereby totension the abrasive strip 34.

Prior to operation, assuming the inner and outer members of the scouringwheel to be locked by the plunger '70 and the wheel to be stationary,145 an abrasive cover 34 is applied to the periphery of the cushion 32by first inserting one end of the abrasive cover 34 into the slot 36between the spring clamp 40 and the pins 39. The crank 48 is then turnedto permit the spring 40 to press 150 the abrasive cover down upon thepins 39 which pierce the abrasive cover and hold it positively. Thecover 34 is then stretch d tightly by hand around the periphery of thecushion 32, and its opposite end is inserted into the recess 36 and alsointo the recess 33 and between the spring clamp 52 and the wall of therecess 38. The crank 66 is then turned to urge the plunger 58 againstthe clamp 52 to holdthe latter firmly in clamping position. The buttonis then depressed to permit relative rotation of the inner and outermembers of the abrading wheel, and the operator, aided by the tension ofthe spring 84, rotates the outer member of the abrading wheel in aclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, relatively to the inner memberto take up whatever remaining slack there may be in the abrading cover34. The wheel is now ready for operation. The shaft upon which the wheelis mounted is driven in the direction of the arrows shown in Figs. 1 and2, that is, in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in these figures.

After rotation of the wheel has been started, the pressure of workagainst the abrading surface of the cover 34 will create a drag whichwill tend to stretch the abrading cover between the point at which thework bears upon it and the end which is secured to the outer member ofthe wheel by the clamp 40. This drag or tension in the abrading cover 34will tend to rotate the outer member relatively to the inner member in aclockwise direction, as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2, and will be assisted bythe spring 84 in taking up whatever slack or looseness might be causedin the cover 34 in advance of the point of application of the work.

Having described my application, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States is:-

l. A rotary scouring tool comprising an inner body member adapted to bedriven, an outer body member mounted upon said inner member for relativerotation with respect thereto about the axis of the tool, said outermember being constructed and arranged to carry abrasive cover, means forsecuring the ends of the abrasive cover to said members respectively,and means carried by one of said body members for temporarily lockingtogether said inner and outer body members to facilitate removal andreplacement of the abrasive cover.

2. A scouring wheel. comprising an inner body member adapted to bedriven and having a circular guideway concentric with the axis of thewheel, an annular outer body member adapted to carry an abrasive coverand having a circular slide engaging said guideway, and means forsecuring the ends of the abrasive cover to said members respectively,said guideway having a slot formed therein to receive one of the ends ofthe abrasive cover.

3. A scouring tool comprising a body member, a clamping memberconstructed and arranged to clamp an abrasive cover against said bodymember, a shaft having a circumferential groove journaled in said bodymember, the bottom of said groove being shaped to constitute a cam, aplunger guided for reciprocatory movement in said body member, t e endsof said plunger engaging said clamping member and the bottom of saidgroove respectively, and means for rotating said shaft to cause saidplunger to operate said clamping member.

4. A scouring tool comprising a body member, a clamping memberconstructed and arranged to clamp an abrasive cover against said bodymember, resilient means tending to urge said clamping member away fromsaid body member to permit removal and replacement of the abrasivecover, a plunger guided for recipricatory movement in said body memberand'having one end in engagement with said clamping member, and meansfor operating said plunger to move said clamping member into and tomaintain said clamping member in clamping position'with respect to saidbody member.

5. A scouring tool comprising a body member, a clamping memberconstructed and arranged to clamp an abrasive cover against said bodymember, said clamping member being composed of resilient material andbeing arranged under the stress of its own resilience normally to assumean unclamping position to permit the removal and replacement of theabrasive cover, a plunger mounted in said body member, and means carriedby said body member for reciprocating said plunger against said clampingmember to cause said clamping member to clamp an abrasive cover againstsaid body member.

6.'A scouring wheel comprising a wheel body member, a clamping memberconstructed and arranged to clamp an abrasive cover against said bodymember, resilient means tending to urge said clamping member to clampingposition, a plunger guided for reciprocatory movement in said bodymember and having one end in engagement with said clamping member, andmeans for operating said plunger to move said clamping member away fromsaid body member to unclamp the abrasive cover to permit removal andreplacement of the abrasive cover.

7. A scouring tool comprising a body member, a clamping member composedof resilient material constructed and arranged to clamp an abrasivecover against said body member under the stress of its own resilience, aplunger mounted in said body member, and means carried by said bodymember for reciprocating said plunger against said clamping member forunclamping said clamping member to permit the removal and thereplacement of the abrasive cover.

8. A scouring tool comprising an inner rotary member having a hubadapted to be secured upon a driven shaft, said rotary member havingalso a web extending outwardly from said hub and having a peripheralflange surrounding said web and said flange being constructed andarranged to constitute a circular guideway concentric with said hub, anouter annular member adapted tosupport an abrasive cover, said annularmember being slidably mounted in said guideway for relative rotationabout the axis of said hub and.

having an opening to receive both ends of the abrasive cover which itis. adapted to support, means for securing one end of the abrasive coverto said outer annular member, said inner rotary member having formedtherein a recess for receiving the other end of the abrasive cover, andmeans positioned within said recess for securing said other end of theabrasive cover to said inner rotary member, whereby the rotation of saidinner member will be transmittedthrough the abrasive cover to said outermember and the frictional drag of work being scoured will tension theabrasive cover.

WILLIAM A. REED.

